条形药包空腔爆破的应用及其机理分析

近年来条形药包空腔爆破的应用范围有了一定的扩展,并且在提高爆破效果和控制爆破危害等方面取得了显著效果。本文通过测试资料整理和理论分析,进一步探讨了空腔和条形在爆破中的作用机理以及为什么采用这种装药结构比常用的集中药包偶合装药爆破效果好的道理。     

中柱失效工况下单层组合框架受力理论分析

基于已有试验，本文提出了轴向弹簧和转动弹簧约束的组合框架简化计算模型，推导了在集中荷载作用下刚性、半刚性连接平面组合梁双跨钢框架移除中柱后的荷载-跨中挠度曲线计算公式，考虑了压拱效应和连接刚度的影响，将公式计算结果与试验结果进行对比证明了推导过程和计算公式的可靠性．在对比结果的基础上，根据已有试验和模拟结果对已有悬索阶段的计算公式进行修正，修正后的公式与试验结果吻合较好．     

New exact results for the effective electric, elastic, piezoelectric and other properties of composite ellipsoid assemblages

In this paper we present a unified treatment of composite ellipsoid assemblages in the setting of uncoupled phenomena like conductivity and elasticity and coupled phenomena like thermoelectricity and piezomagnetoelectricity. The building block of this microgeometry is a confocal ellipsoidal particle consisting of a (possibly void) core and a coating. All space is filled up with such units which have different sizes but possess the same aspect ratios. The confocal ellipsoids may have the same orientation in space or may be randomly oriented. The resulting microgeometry simulates two-phase composites in which the reinforcing components are short fibers or elongated particles. Our main interest is in obtaining information of an exact nature on the effective moduli of this microgeometry whose effective tensor symmetry structure depends on the packing mode of the coated ellipsoids. This information will sometimes be complete like the full effective thermoelectric tensor of an assemblage which contains aligned ellipsoids in which the coating is isotropic and the core is arbitrarily anisotropic. In the majority of the cases however the maximum achievable exact information will be only partial and will appear in the form of certain exact relations between the effective moduli of the microgeometry. These exact relations are obtained from exact solutions for the fields in the microstructure for a certain set of loading conditions. In all the considered cases an isotropic coating can be combined with a fully arbitrary core. This covers the most important physical case of anisotropic fibers in an isotropic matrix. Allowing anisotropy in the coating requires the fulfillment of certain constraint conditions between its moduli. Even though in this case the presence of such constraint conditions may render the anisotropic coating material hypothetical, the value of the derived solutions remains since they still provide benchmark comparisons for approximate and numerical treatments. The remarkable feature of the general analysis which covers all treated uncoupled and coupled phenomena is that it is developed solely on the basis of potential solutions of the conduction problem in the same microgeometry.     

弹／粘塑性柱体扭转问题的函数Laplace变换解

在应力Ｌａｐｌａｃｅ变换分析粘塑性轴对称问题基础上，对弹性－弹／粘塑性圆柱体扭转全过程进行分析，根据柱体扭转的应力分布，构造应力函数与位移函数，并对函数进行Ｌａｐｌａｃｅ变换。相应求出圆柱体、空心圆柱体的Ｌａｐｌａｃｅ变换解，以及圆柱体的弹性－粘塑性交界线值     

高速公路工程中水泥搅拌桩桩身合理设计强度研究

在公路工程的搅拌桩地基设计中,一般假设加固区桩土变形协调,从而采用复合地基理论进行设计。但是目前许多的工程实践表明在路堤荷载作用下,搅拌桩地基桩土之间存在差异沉降,桩身强度不能够完全发挥,为此需要对复合模量的表达式进行改进。本文采用有限元分析了路堤荷载作用下搅拌桩地基的变形响应情况,分析了加固区桩间土变形与桩身模量之间关系,得到了水泥土搅拌桩强度的合理范围。     

排水粉喷桩(2D工法)加固软土地基对桩周土体强度的影响

排水粉喷桩(简称2D工法)作为一种新的软土地基处理方法,在淮盐公路软基处理中得到试用,效果良好;但是目前对其桩间土强度的变化规律还不是很清楚,本文首次通过大量现场试验,采用静力触探、十字板剪切等试验手段,测得了排水粉喷桩施工后桩间土强度变化的规律。结果显示在排水粉喷桩施工后,桩间土强度先降低,之后随着龄期的增长而提高。     

钢筋混凝土轴心受压构件的非线性稳定性

采用我国混凝土规范GB50010-2002规定的混凝土应力一应变关系,考虑混凝土强度、构件长细比及混凝土徐变,从构件的非线性理论出发对钢筋混凝土轴心受压构件的承载力进行了研究,给出了混凝土构件临界状态时的构件边缘应变和纵向弯曲系数的计算公式。研究表明,徐变对轴心受压构件的承载力有很大影响。当不考虑混凝土徐变时,按本文公...     

大体积混凝土结构随机温度徐变应力计算方法研究

首次尝试将随机有限元法引入大体积混凝土结构随机温度徐变应力的计算．综合考虑各种随机因素，对于由材料物理参数随机性引起的随机温度场的影响，本文给出了相应于初应变隐式解法的随机有限元计算方法；对于周期平稳随机温度场对徐变应力场的影响，本文提出了复模量隐式解法，并首次视复频响应函数为材料参数的随机函数，给出了相应的复频响应－随机有限元列式；而对于一般非平稳绝热温升温度场的影响，本文提出了参数调幅逐段简化的方法．本文方法有效地克服了前人不能考虑材料参数随机性或需弹模不随时间变化的局限性     

钢纤混凝土裂纹尖端应变场的实验研究

本文应用散斑干涉技术在四组含纤量分别为０，０．５％，１％，１．５％的钢纤混凝土三点弯曲裂纹试件的裂纹尖端位移场进行了测试，并换算为应变场。对钢纤混凝土开裂的基理进行了探讨；验证了最大位应变准则；并测定断裂韧度Ｊｉｃ．     

有应力史差非匀质截面轴心受压杆的性能研究

对有应力史差、非匀质、非线弹性的轴心受压构件进行了理论分析和试验研究，初步揭示了此类构件的受力特点．理论分析和试验表明：此类构件截面承载力不是各部分材料承载力的简单叠加；承载力和截面破坏控制点因截面上材料的本构关系的变化和应力史差而发生改变．